Data Analysis
This chapter involves researching, asking questions, collecting data, and analyzing the data to draw conclusions. You will also learn about what factors influence the collection of data, and how to reduce the chances of an invalid collection of data. You will also be learning how to collect and display data, and draw conclusions based on the results.
Survey: Is used to collect opinions and/or info.
Influencing Factors: Affect how data is collected or how responses are obtained
Influencing Factors: Affect how data is collected or how responses are obtained
Influencing Factors
-Bias: Does the question show a preference for a specific product?
-Use of Language: Is the question presented in such a way the people understand what is being asked?
-Ethics: Does the question refer to inappropriate behavior?
-Cost: Does the cost of the study outweigh the benefits?
-Time and Timing: Does the time the data were collected influence the results? Is the timing of the survey appropriate?
-Privacy:Do people have the right to refuse to answer? Are the responses kept confidential?
-Cultural Sensitive: Might the question offend people from different cultural groups?
-Bias: Does the question show a preference for a specific product?
-Use of Language: Is the question presented in such a way the people understand what is being asked?
-Ethics: Does the question refer to inappropriate behavior?
-Cost: Does the cost of the study outweigh the benefits?
-Time and Timing: Does the time the data were collected influence the results? Is the timing of the survey appropriate?
-Privacy:Do people have the right to refuse to answer? Are the responses kept confidential?
-Cultural Sensitive: Might the question offend people from different cultural groups?
Collecting Data
Population: All of the people in the group being studied.
Sample: Any group of the people selected from the population.
Census: Is conducted when data is collected from each member of the population.
Valid Conclusion: Results from data collected that represented what is typical of the population.
Different Kinds of Samples
Convenience Samples: Choosing people from the population who are easy access.
Random Sample: Choosing a specific number of people randomly from the whole population.
Stratified: Dividing whole population into specific distinct groups. Then choose the same amount of members from each group.
Systematic: Choosing people at fixed inter-voles from ordered list of the whole population.
Voluntary Response Sample: Inviting the whole population to participate.
Population: All of the people in the group being studied.
Sample: Any group of the people selected from the population.
Census: Is conducted when data is collected from each member of the population.
Valid Conclusion: Results from data collected that represented what is typical of the population.
Different Kinds of Samples
Convenience Samples: Choosing people from the population who are easy access.
Random Sample: Choosing a specific number of people randomly from the whole population.
Stratified: Dividing whole population into specific distinct groups. Then choose the same amount of members from each group.
Systematic: Choosing people at fixed inter-voles from ordered list of the whole population.
Voluntary Response Sample: Inviting the whole population to participate.
Probability
Probability is the likelihood that and event will occur
Theoretical Probability: The likelihood that an event will occur without testing it. (The chance of something happening before it happens)
Experimental Probability: The probability of an event calculated from experiments. (Past experience of and experiment)
Subjective Judgement: A personal judgement made because of feelings. (Based on your opinion/feelings)
Probability is the likelihood that and event will occur
Theoretical Probability: The likelihood that an event will occur without testing it. (The chance of something happening before it happens)
Experimental Probability: The probability of an event calculated from experiments. (Past experience of and experiment)
Subjective Judgement: A personal judgement made because of feelings. (Based on your opinion/feelings)
Highlight the URL below and watch a video on Probability
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mhlc7peGlGg
Now that you have learned about all of the techniques that are used when analysing data, lets try it out!
Probability Examples: (Find out which Probability Technique were used)
-Mike has 3 die. He roles it 7 times, how many times will 5 die land on a 6 ?
-Ben decides to walk to school everyday because he feels that it is safer to walk than ride the bus to school. Even though his parents, teachers, bus driver, and principle ensured Ben that the bus was much easier and safer then walking, Ben insisted on walking to school every day.
-Billy wants to find out how many times out of 3 his coins will land on heads instead of tails.
-Molly wants to win a coffee with 'Role-up-the-rim-to-win'. Ever time Molly has tried she has not gotten one. She also noticed that every time she buys a small coffee so this time she wants to try buying a large coffee instead of a small to see if it works.
-Mike has 3 die. He roles it 7 times, how many times will 5 die land on a 6 ?
-Ben decides to walk to school everyday because he feels that it is safer to walk than ride the bus to school. Even though his parents, teachers, bus driver, and principle ensured Ben that the bus was much easier and safer then walking, Ben insisted on walking to school every day.
-Billy wants to find out how many times out of 3 his coins will land on heads instead of tails.
-Molly wants to win a coffee with 'Role-up-the-rim-to-win'. Ever time Molly has tried she has not gotten one. She also noticed that every time she buys a small coffee so this time she wants to try buying a large coffee instead of a small to see if it works.
Identify If the example is Population, Sample, bias, or the different kinds of Samples.
Is this Bias?
-Should the dress code for Pizza Hut employees be enforced?
-Do you have a favorite sport? Is so what is it?
-What is your favorite vacation destination?
-What is your favorite soft drink?
Is this Bias?
-Should the dress code for Pizza Hut employees be enforced?
-Do you have a favorite sport? Is so what is it?
-What is your favorite vacation destination?
-What is your favorite soft drink?
Is this Sample or Population (Remember the different kinds of samples)
-3 out of 4 doctors interviewed recommended Tylenol for people with arthritis.
-A census was taken to decide how many people lived in the area. Should a sample or population be used for this experiment?
- A man was surveying how many people in a building was happy with 'Tim Horton's' services. The building was 17 floors high, and the man decides that he has enough information when he reaches to 10th floor and he doesn't want to waste the energy to